Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 14, 2026

Isolation of Tonsillar Mononuclear Cells to Study Ex Vivo Innate Immune Responses in a Human Mucosal Lymphoid Tissue
Published on: June 14, 2020
[Tuberculosis of the pharyngeal tonsil in a child]
Abstract:
Tuberculosis of the adenoids is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which is unassociated with pulmonary tuberculosis. In adults, this form occurs much more frequently than in children. The authors observed tuberculosis of the adenoids in a 14-year-old adolescent operated on in a planned way for second-third-degree adenoids. Intraoperative specimens exhibited epithelioid-cell tubercles with Langhans cells. Ziehl-Nielsn staining showed granular forms of acid-resistant mycobacteria. The latter were identified by an immunohistochemical assay. The specific feature of this case is the absence of tuberculous involvement of cervical lymph nodes, which is characteristic of the similar pathology in adults.
Related Concept Videos
Tonsillitis I: Introduction
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Tonsillitis II: Management
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
Pharynx
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

