Dielectric resonator nanoantennas at visible frequencies

Drawing inspiration from radio-frequency technologies, we propose a realization of nano-scale optical dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) functioning in their fundamental mode. These DRAs operate via displacement current in a low-loss high-permittivity dielectric, resulting in reduced energy dissipation in the resonators. The designed nonuniform planar DRA array on a metallic plane imparts a sequence of phase shifts across the wavefront to create beam deflection off the direction of specular reflection. The realized array clearly demonstrates beam deflection at 633 nm. Despite the loss introduced by field interaction with the metal substrate, the proposed low-loss resonator concept is a first step towards nanoantennas with enhanced efficiency. The compact planar structure and technologically relevant materials promise monolithic circuit integration of DRAs.