Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts
Published on: February 7, 2017
Whole-blood 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine as a risk factor for orofacial clefts
Margareta Budner1, Zbigniew Surowiec, Piotr Fudalej
1Department of Paediatric Surgery, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.
Background/Purpose:
In mice, biotin deficiency is one of the most potent clefting factors. Increased 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5OH) is regarded as a biomarker of biotin deficiency. This retrospective study was undertaken to determine whether increased C5OH in newborns is associated with orofacial clefts.
Materials And Methods:
Seventy newborns with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate and 140 control newborns without congenital anomalies were investigated. Whole-blood C5OH concentrations were measured using tandem mass spectrometry.
Results:
The median (interquartile range, IQR) concentrations of C5OH in patients with clefts and controls were 0.16 (0.13-0.22)μmoll(-1) and 0.17 (0.13-0.20)μmoll(-1), respectively (p=0.90). The receiver operating characteristic analysis did not find out cut-off values for C5OH discriminating between cases and controls.
Conclusion:
There appears to be no association between biotin deficiency, as indexed by an increase of C5OH, and orofacial clefts in the investigated group of patients.
More Related Videos
10:27Simultaneous Multi-surface Anodizations and Stair-like Reverse Biases Detachment of Anodic Aluminum Oxides in Sulfuric and Oxalic Acid Electrolyte
Published on: October 5, 2017
09:08Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol
Published on: April 2, 2018
Related Concept Videos
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes
Oxidation of Alcohols
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Alcohols, Alkenes, and Alkynes
Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation
The carbonyl center is activated by...