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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation

Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Multimodality Diagnosis of Mesenteric Ischemia

Published on: July 21, 2023

Ischemic bowel syndromes.

Jose A Silva¹, Christopher J White

¹Department of Cardiology, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.

|February 14, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenteric ischemia, a condition affecting mesenteric arteries, presents acutely or chronically. This review covers causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and management of both acute mesenteric ischemia and chronic mesenteric ischemia.

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Area of Science:

Vascular Surgery
Gastroenterology
Geriatric Medicine

Background:

Atherosclerotic vascular disease commonly affects mesenteric arteries in the elderly.
Mesenteric ischemia encompasses both acute (AMI) and chronic (CMI) forms.
Prevalence estimates suggest AMI affects 1 in 1000 hospital admissions, while CMI affects 1 in 100,000 individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the etiology of mesenteric ischemia.
To outline the clinical manifestations of AMI and CMI.
To review diagnostic and management strategies for mesenteric ischemia.

Main Methods:

Literature review on atherosclerotic mesenteric vascular disease.
Synthesis of information on clinical presentation of acute and chronic mesenteric ischemia.
Compilation of current diagnostic and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

Chronic mesenteric ischemia typically presents as postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss.
Acute mesenteric ischemia is characterized by sudden abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and potential intestinal necrosis.
Effective management strategies are crucial for both forms of the disease.

Conclusions:

Mesenteric ischemia requires prompt recognition and intervention.
Understanding the distinct presentations of AMI and CMI is vital for appropriate patient care.
This review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing mesenteric vascular disease.