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Computer-assisted assessment of ocular synkinesis: a comparison of methods
Ingrid J Kleiss1, Marc H Hohman, Olivia E Quatela
1Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Objectives/Hypothesis:
To define an objective, easy to perform, rapid method for the assessment of ocular synkinesis by employing both the Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation software and a modification of the Glasgow Facial Palsy Scale.
Study Design:
Retrospective study.
Methods:
Fifty normal subjects and 50 patients with known ocular synkinesis were studied. Measurements of ocular synkinesis were made using the semiautomated Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation software, and a modification of the automated Glasgow Facial Palsy program.
Results:
The mean resting vertical palpebral fissure width of a normal eye was 10.17 mm (standard deviation [SD], 1.63 mm), and the degree of eye closure during smile was on average 21.56% (SD, 13.38%). Synkinetic eyes had a statistically significantly smaller resting palpebral fissure width on average (8.99 mm; SD, 1.61 mm; P < .001, t test), and a statistically significantly greater degree of narrowing during smiling (32.65%; SD, 13.68%; P < .001, t test). Using a modified synkinesis-determining application of the Glasgow Facial Palsy Scale did not consistently correlate with the Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation program or clinical observations of eye closure during smiling (R = 0.251, Pearson correlation) and puckering (R = 0.253, Pearson correlation).
Conclusions:
The Facial Assessment by Computer Evaluation program yields rapid, consistent, palpebral fissure width measurements, and when combined with a subjective self-assessment questionnaire yields a comprehensive measure of ocular synkinesis. Our modified application of the Glasgow Facial Palsy Scale did not appear to be a reliable method for quantitative ocular synkinesis assessment.
