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Improving finger coordination in young and elderly persons.

Yen-Hsun Wu¹, Nemanja Pazin, Vladimir M Zatsiorsky

¹Department of Kinesiology, Rec.Hall-267, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Experimental Brain Research

|February 16, 2013

Summary

Practicing a variable finger coordination task improved performance in both young and elderly individuals. The study revealed adaptable neural systems for motor control, suggesting potential for rehabilitation in coordination disorders.

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Area of Science:

Motor control and learning
Neuroscience
Biomechanics

Background:

Multi-finger coordination is crucial for fine motor skills.
Aging and neurological conditions can impair motor coordination.
The uncontrolled manifold (UCM) hypothesis provides a framework for analyzing motor variability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of practicing a variable multi-finger coordination task on young and elderly individuals.
To examine changes in motor variability components (V UCM and V ORT) after practice.
To assess transfer effects to a simpler, non-practiced task.

Main Methods:

Subjects performed a 1-hour practice session on a variable force production task using index and middle fingers.
Multi-finger coordination was assessed using indices of performance and two components of variance (V UCM and V ORT).
Transfer effects were evaluated on a separate, simpler task.

Main Results:

Both young and elderly groups improved performance and showed increased finger "enslaving" after practice.
Practice led to decreased V ORT and increased V UCM, enhancing force-stabilizing synergy.
While performance improved on a simpler task, there was no transfer of the observed changes in variance structure.

Conclusions:

The neural system for stabilizing performance is adaptable through practice, even with variable task solutions.
The findings suggest potential applications for rehabilitation in populations with coordination impairments.
Targeted practice can enhance motor control and adaptability, offering hope for improving function in individuals with coordination deficits.