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Updated: May 14, 2026

Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete
Published on: January 24, 2025
[Syphilis]
1AP-HP, hôpital Cochin, service de dermatologie, université Paris Descartes, CNR de la syphilis, UPRES EA1833, 75006 Paris, France. nicolas.dupin@cch.aphp.fr
Abstract:
Syphilis is back since 2000. Early syphilis comprises primary syphilis, secondary syphilis and early latent syphilis (less than 1 year duration). During early phases of syphilis, patients are more contagious and neurologic complications are rare. Early neurosyphilis are mostly represented by uveitis or cranial nerves lesions. Treatment of non-neurologic syphilis are based on intramusculary injection of benzathine-penicilline G: one injection in case of early syphilis, three injections in case of late syphilis. The follow-up after treatment is based on clinical evolution and the titer of VDRL. Intravenously infusion of penicillin G is the only treatment recommended for neurosyphilis.
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The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

