Jagged-1 juxtamembrane region: biochemical characterization and cleavage by ADAM17 (TACE) catalytic domain

Ectodomain shedding of membrane receptors and ligands carried out by ADAMs (A disintegrin and metalloprotease) plays a major role in several signaling pathways, including Notch. The grounds of substrate recognition, however, are poorly understood. We demonstrate that a recombinant protein corresponding to the juxtamembrane region of Jagged-1, one of the Notch ligands, behaves as a structured module and is cleaved by ADAM17 catalytic domain at E1054. A short synthetic peptide is cleaved at the same site but at a much higher rate, implying that the structure of the cleavage site in the native protein is a key determinant for substrate recognition. We also show that an Alagille syndrome-associated mutation near E1054 increases the cleavage rate, which suggests that this mutation may lead to an unbalance in Notch signaling due to a higher level of Jagged-1 shedding.