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Cytodiagnosis of congenital mesoblastic nephroma: a case report

Medha Pradeep Kulkarni1, Alka Vikas Gosavi, Arti Rameshrao Anvikar

  • 1Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Miraj, Maharashtra, India.

Diagnostic Cytopathology
|February 19, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Mesoblastic nephroma (MN), a common infant kidney tumor, was diagnosed via fine-needle aspiration cytology in a 6-month-old. This cytologic diagnosis is crucial as it avoids the need for preoperative chemotherapy unlike Wilms tumor.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Cytopathology
  • Renal Pathology

Background:

  • Mesoblastic nephroma (MN) is the most common renal tumor in infants.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate management.
  • Distinguishing MN from other pediatric renal tumors like Wilms tumor is critical.

Observation:

  • A case of congenital MN was diagnosed in a 6-month-old infant using fine-needle aspiration cytology.
  • Cytologic smears revealed a cellular pattern of plump spindle cells in clusters with scattered naked nuclei.
  • Absence of blastemal, epithelial, or glomeruloid structures was noted.

Findings:

  • The cytomorphology and patient age supported a diagnosis of the cellular variant of MN.
  • Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of MN.
  • The findings highlight the utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing MN.

Implications:

  • Accurate cytologic diagnosis of MN can prevent unnecessary preoperative chemotherapy.
  • This approach simplifies treatment protocols for infants with renal tumors.
  • Early identification of MN through cytology is vital for optimal patient outcomes.

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