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Updated: May 14, 2026

Synthesis of Hypervalent Iodonium Alkynyl Triflates for the Application of Generating Cyanocarbenes
Published on: September 8, 2013
Hypervalent iodine(III)-promoted intermolecular C-C coupling of vindoline with β-ketoesters and related substrates
Travis C Turner1, Kotaro Shibayama, Dale L Boger
1Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Abstract:
The regioselective intermolecular coupling reaction of vindoline with a wide range of substrates including β-ketoesters, β-diketones, β-ketoaldehydes, β-ketonitriles, malononitriles, and β-cyanoesters provides an opportunity for the synthesis of vinblastine analogues containing deep-seated changes in the upper velbanamine subunit. The transition-metal-free hypervalent iodine(III)-promoted intermolecular sp(3)/sp(2) coupling, representing a special class of selective C-H activation with direct carbon-carbon bond formation, proceeds with generation of a quaternary center capable of incorporation of the vinblastine C16' methyl ester and functionalized for subsequent divergent heterocycle introduction.
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