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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
Fibril-associated Collagen01:11

Fibril-associated Collagen

Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
For example, the type II collagen fibrils in cartilage have covalently bound type IX fibril-associated collagens at regular intervals. Other types of fibril-associated collagens are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

LabVIEW-operated Novel Nanoliter Osmometer for Ice Binding Protein Investigations
09:32

LabVIEW-operated Novel Nanoliter Osmometer for Ice Binding Protein Investigations

Published on: February 4, 2013

Cryofibrinogenaemia: not just skin deep.

Zahrae Sandouk1, Zaid Alirhayim, Syed Hassan

  • 1Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.

BMJ Case Reports
|February 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cryofibrinogenaemia is an under-recognized condition causing skin ulcerations, often mimicking other diseases. This case highlights diagnostic and treatment challenges associated with this rare entity.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis can present with complex dermatological manifestations.
  • Cryofibrinogenaemia is a rare plasma protein abnormality.
  • Skin ulceration is a potential, though uncommon, sequela of cryofibrinogenaemia.

Observation:

  • A Caucasian woman in her 60s with rheumatoid arthritis presented with skin ulcerations.
  • The patient's condition was initially complicated by superinfection and sepsis.
  • Diagnosis was delayed due to the unusual presentation and diagnostic challenges.

Findings:

  • Cryofibrinogenaemia was finally diagnosed as the underlying cause of the skin ulcerations.
  • The condition's ability to mimic other ulcerative dermatoses contributed to diagnostic delays.
  • Specific laboratory specimen handling techniques are crucial for accurate cryofibrinogenaemia diagnosis.

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Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
09:14

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 7, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 14, 2026

LabVIEW-operated Novel Nanoliter Osmometer for Ice Binding Protein Investigations
09:32

LabVIEW-operated Novel Nanoliter Osmometer for Ice Binding Protein Investigations

Published on: February 4, 2013

Tissue Triage and Freezing for Models of Skeletal Muscle Disease
05:58

Tissue Triage and Freezing for Models of Skeletal Muscle Disease

Published on: July 15, 2014

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting
09:14

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 7, 2019

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering cryofibrinogenaemia in patients with unexplained skin ulcerations.
  • Improved awareness and diagnostic protocols for cryofibrinogenaemia are needed.
  • Effective management requires addressing both the underlying condition and its complications like sepsis.