Human myiasis in Fars Province, Iran

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Entomology
• Public Health
• Parasitology

Background:

• Human myiasis, caused by fly larvae, poses a significant health risk, particularly in occupational settings.
• Individuals involved in animal husbandry and those working as butchers are at higher risk due to close contact with animals and potential exposure to myiasis-causing flies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence and consequences of human myiasis.
• To assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practices related to myiasis among at-risk populations.
• To identify the primary causative agent of myiasis in the studied group.

Main Methods:

• A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in 6 counties of Fars Province, Iran.
• A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 302 herders, shepherds, and butchers.
• Data on myiasis experience, infection location, perceived causes, and demographic factors were collected.

Main Results:

• A high prevalence of myiasis was reported, with 88.3% of subjects having experienced it during their careers.
• The majority of infections (71.5%) occurred in barns, and pharyngeal myiasis was reported by 87% of subjects.
• Oestrus ovis (sheep botfly) was identified as the most likely causative agent. While age and job experience did not influence knowledge or practices, higher education levels significantly improved practices, though not knowledge.

Conclusions:

• Human myiasis is highly prevalent among animal husbandry workers and butchers in Fars Province, Iran.
• Oestrus ovis is the predominant cause, with barns serving as a common site of infection.
• Targeted educational interventions are necessary to improve practices and enhance the control and prevention of myiasis in this occupational group.