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Cryptococcal choroiditis.

M D Carney1, J L Combs, W Waschler

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study details two cases of cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients, highlighting ocular complications like choroiditis and optic disc edema. Prompt treatment with amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine resolved ocular infiltrates.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) predisposes individuals to opportunistic infections.
  • Cryptococcal meningitis is a serious central nervous system infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans.
  • Ocular manifestations of cryptococcosis can significantly impact patient vision.

Observation:

  • Two patients with AIDS presented with headaches, fevers, and decreased vision.
  • Lumbar puncture confirmed cryptococcal meningitis with elevated cryptococcal antigens.
  • Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed bilateral optic disc edema and cryptococcal choroiditis with characteristic yellow-white infiltrates.

Findings:

  • Systemic antifungal therapy, including amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine, was initiated.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Treatment led to the successful resolution of the observed choroidal infiltrates.
  • Despite treatment, late visual acuity loss occurred, attributed to secondary optic atrophy.

    • Implications:

    • Early diagnosis and aggressive antifungal treatment are crucial for managing ocular cryptococcosis in AIDS patients.
    • Ocular involvement in cryptococcal meningitis requires prompt recognition and management to prevent vision loss.
    • Optic nerve damage (optic atrophy) remains a significant risk factor for long-term visual impairment even after successful infection control.