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Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...

Disorders of Leukocytes

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

[Orbital mantle cell lymphoma].

H El Maaroufi¹, K El Ouazzani Chahdi, K Doghmi

¹Service d'hématologie clinique, université Mohamed V-Souissi, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohammed V, Hay Riad, 10100 Rabat, Maroc. hichamelmaaroufi@hotmail.com

Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie

|February 26, 2013

Summary

Ophthalmological involvement, specifically bilateral proptosis, can be a rare presenting sign of mantle cell lymphoma. Early diagnosis via orbital biopsy and newer treatments like rituximab improve outcomes, especially for elderly patients.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

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Published on: March 30, 2018

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Published on: September 12, 2025

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Hematology
Oncology

Background:

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Ophthalmological manifestations of MCL are uncommon.
Orbital involvement can occur in MCL, often at advanced stages.

Observation:

An 84-year-old male presented with bilateral proptosis.
Orbital biopsy confirmed mantle cell lymphoma.
This case highlights orbital involvement as a potential initial sign of MCL.

Findings:

Diagnosis of MCL relies on anatomopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.
Orbital involvement in MCL, though rare, can be the presenting feature.
Rituximab-based therapies have improved treatment efficacy, particularly for elderly MCL patients.

Implications:

Increased awareness of ocular symptoms in MCL diagnosis is crucial.
Orbital biopsy can be vital for early detection of systemic lymphoma.
Advancements in treatment, including targeted therapies, offer better prognoses for MCL patients.