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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): An Intervention Sequence
10:52

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): An Intervention Sequence

Published on: December 23, 2022

Mitral paravalvular leak: caution in percutaneous occluder device deployment.

Salah Eldien Altarabsheh1, Salil V Deo, Charanjit S Rihal

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

The Heart Surgery Forum
|February 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Percutaneous closure of mitral paravalvular leak caused hemolysis and acute kidney injury. Early surgical intervention successfully reversed these complications, highlighting its importance.

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): An Intervention Sequence
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Published on: October 16, 2021

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

  • A 70-year-old woman presented with symptomatic mitral paravalvular leak post-double valve replacement.
  • No evidence of prosthetic valve endocarditis was found.

Observation:

  • Percutaneous closure of the paravalvular leak was attempted, successfully reducing regurgitation.
  • This procedure led to severe intravascular hemolysis and acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis.

Findings:

  • The Amplatzer device was suspected as the cause of hemolysis and renal failure.
  • Re-operative surgery involved device retrieval, patch repair, and prosthesis re-replacement.
  • The patient recovered normal renal function post-surgery.

Implications:

  • This case highlights an unusual complication of percutaneous device closure for paravalvular leaks.
  • It underscores the reversible nature of acute kidney injury from intravascular hemolysis.
  • Early surgical intervention is crucial for managing such severe complications.