Assessment of chronic kidney disease in Nepalese people with hypertension

Hypertension is one of the leading causes to develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) and could be a risk factor for progression of CKD to end stage renal disease (ESRD).Uncontrolled hypertension worsens CKD. Hypertension control may contribute to prevent CKD in early stages and retards the progression of CKD stages to ESRD. Prevalence of CKD in people with diagnosed and chronic hypertension is known to be high, but little is known about the prevalence of CKD in those with newly diagnosed Hypertension. Present work was undertaken to see the prevalence of CKD among people with newly diagnosed hypertension. In this cross-sectional study, we accessed the CKD in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients and determined the association between hypertension and CKD. CKD was defined as either kidney dysfunction or kidney damage or both as per National Kidney Foundation Guidelines. 106 of newly diagnosed patients and 106 of normotensive controls were recruited in the study. 51.9% of newly diagnosed hypertensive patients and 23.6% of normotensive controls had CKD which was statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Difference in the mean value in eGFR and spot urine ACR (mg/mmol) between hypertensive patients and normotensive controls was statistically significant (p-Value <0.001). Both systolic BP and diastolic BP negative significantly correlated with eGFR (p-Value < 0.001 and 0.024 respectively) and positive significantly correlated with ACR (p-Value 0.003 and 0.003 respectively). The prevalence of CKD is high among people with newly diagnosed hypertension. Those, people might benefit from interventions aimed at preventing development and/or progression of both CKD and hypertension.