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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...

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Infant skin physiology and development during the first years of life: a review of recent findings based on in vivo studies.

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Updated: May 13, 2026

Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis
11:28

Imaging CD4 T Cell Interstitial Migration in the Inflamed Dermis

Published on: March 25, 2016

Early inflammatory processes in the skin.

G N Stamatas1, A P Morello, D A Mays

  • 1Johnson & Johnson Santé Beauté France, 1, rue Camille Desmoulins, 92787 Issy-les- Moulineaux, France. gstamata@its.jnj.com

Current Molecular Medicine
|March 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subclinical inflammation in human skin plays a key role in immune surveillance. Understanding these subtle immune responses is crucial for maintaining skin health and preventing inflammatory conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Skin barrier function

Background:

  • Skin acts as a crucial barrier and immune system component.
  • Existing reviews focus on overt inflammation, neglecting immune activity without visible cues.
  • Subclinical inflammation is vital for innate immune surveillance under physiological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of subclinical inflammation in human skin.
  • To explore its relevance to innate immune surveillance.
  • To highlight methods for assessing subclinical inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunologic activity in skin.
  • Discussion of keratinocyte immune functions and cytokine secretion.
  • Overview of non-invasive and minimally invasive assessment techniques.

Main Results:

  • Keratinocytes possess significant immunologic activity, secreting various proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1α, IL-6).
  • Infant skin is more vulnerable due to an immature barrier.
  • Non-invasive methods (spectroscopy, imaging) and tape stripping can detect subclinical markers.

Conclusions:

  • Subclinical inflammation is integral to skin's immune surveillance.
  • Assessing these markers can aid in preventing inflammatory skin conditions.
  • Skin care products can support barrier integrity and immune function.