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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion
08:22

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion

Published on: March 20, 2017

Endothelial dysfunction in morbid obesity.

Maria Dolores Mauricio1, Martin Aldasoro, Joaquin Ortega

  • 1Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibanez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|March 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Morbid obesity causes endothelial dysfunction through mechanisms like reduced nitric oxide (NO) and inflammation. Bariatric surgery effectively reduces this dysfunction and associated cardiovascular risks.

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Isolation and Identification of Vascular Endothelial Cells from Distinct Adipose Depots for Downstream Applications
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion
08:22

Combined Intravital Microscopy and Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography of the Mouse Hindlimb to Study Insulin-induced Vasodilation and Muscle Perfusion

Published on: March 20, 2017

Isolation and Identification of Vascular Endothelial Cells from Distinct Adipose Depots for Downstream Applications
09:00

Isolation and Identification of Vascular Endothelial Cells from Distinct Adipose Depots for Downstream Applications

Published on: June 10, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Metabolic Disease Research
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • Morbid obesity is a chronic disease linked to cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
  • Endothelial dysfunction, an imbalance in endothelial factors, is central to cardiometabolic diseases.
  • Obesity involves inflammation, atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, and altered nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms linking obesity to endothelial dysfunction.
  • To highlight weight loss as a key treatment for obesity-related cardiovascular comorbidities.
  • To explore how understanding these mechanisms can inform new therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on obesity, endothelial dysfunction, and bariatric surgery.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, asymmetrical dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA), and prostanoids.
  • Examination of bariatric surgery's impact on endothelial function and comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Obesity impairs endothelial function via reduced NO, elevated ADMA, and altered prostanoid signaling.
  • Bariatric surgery leads to significant weight loss and improves endothelial dysfunction.
  • Weight loss through bariatric surgery ameliorates cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism in obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases.
  • Weight loss, particularly via bariatric surgery, is crucial for managing these conditions.
  • Further research into obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction may yield novel treatments to reduce cardiovascular mortality.