Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Real-world, multi-omics validation of the clinical relevance of molecular taxonomy for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

HemaSphere·2026
Same author

Phase II Study of Adavosertib in Patients With Tumors Containing BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations: Results From the NCI-MATCH ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group (EAY131) Subprotocol Z1I.

JCO precision oncology·2026
Same author

Clinical, Genetic, and Pathologic Variability in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Precursor Conditions Across Race, Ethnicity, and Sex.

American journal of hematology·2026
Same author

A phase 1 study of berzosertib (M6620, VX-970) in combination with cisplatin and radiation in patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (ETCTN 9950).

Cancer·2026
Same author

Exposure to Agent Orange and association with myelodysplastic syndromes.

Blood advances·2026
Same author

A novel approach to defining progression in MDS and precursor myeloid conditions in the MDS Natural History Study.

Blood advances·2026
Same journal

Phosphorylated DEK sustains leukemia stem cells by enabling PBX3-driven transcriptional reprogramming.

Blood·2026
Same journal

A single-cell atlas identifies oncogenic transcriptional programs and immune escape mechanisms in CTCL.

Blood·2026
Same journal

TRANSFORM-1 Phase 3 study: Efficacy and safety of navitoclax plus ruxolitinib in patients with untreated myelofibrosis.

Blood·2026
Same journal

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a platelet factor 4 (PF4)-centric immunothrombotic disorder.

Blood·2026
Same journal

CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells to Protect Against Graft Versus Host Disease.

Blood·2026
Same journal

Arterial iron regulates vasodilation during anemia via endothelial holo α-globin.

Blood·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis
12:34

DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis

Published on: October 21, 2011

Demethylation demystification.

Lauren Suarez1, Steven D Gore

  • 1Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins.

Blood
|March 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) like azacitidine show promise in treating myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Further research into azanucleosides is crucial for developing more effective cancer therapies.

More Related Videos

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C
11:53

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C

Published on: June 1, 2018

Detection of Modified Forms of Cytosine Using Sensitive Immunohistochemistry
07:13

Detection of Modified Forms of Cytosine Using Sensitive Immunohistochemistry

Published on: August 16, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis
12:34

DNA Methylation: Bisulphite Modification and Analysis

Published on: October 21, 2011

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C
11:53

An Alternative Culture Method to Maintain Genomic Hypomethylation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 and Vitamin C

Published on: June 1, 2018

Detection of Modified Forms of Cytosine Using Sensitive Immunohistochemistry
07:13

Detection of Modified Forms of Cytosine Using Sensitive Immunohistochemistry

Published on: August 16, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) were first observed to induce fibroblast differentiation in 1979.
  • Hematologic improvements in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients treated with DNMTi were reported in 1993.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the survival benefits of azacitidine in high-risk MDS and acute myeloid leukemia with MDS features.
  • To emphasize the need for developing more potent and specific drugs similar to azacitidine.
  • To explore the behavior and mechanisms of azanucleosides.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of azacitidine efficacy against supportive care, low-dose cytarabine, and intensive cytarabine plus anthracycline.
  • Observation of trilineage normalization in patients treated with azacitidine.

Main Results:

  • Azacitidine improves survival in patients with high-risk MDS and acute myeloid leukemia with MDS features.
  • Approximately 15% of patients treated with azacitidine achieve trilineage normalization.

Conclusions:

  • Azacitidine demonstrates significant survival benefits in specific hematologic malignancies.
  • The development of novel, potent, and specific azanucleoside-based drugs is imperative for improved cancer treatment.