Vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Endocrinology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence is rising globally, posing risks to maternal and fetal health.
• GDM is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term health issues for mother and child.
• Identifying modifiable risk factors for GDM is crucial for improving pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of GDM and vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women.
• To explore the potential mechanisms by which vitamin D influences glucose metabolism.
• To summarize evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to GDM risk.

Main Methods:

• Critical review of existing literature on GDM and vitamin D in pregnancy.
• Analysis of epidemiological studies and mechanistic research.
• Synthesis of current evidence regarding vitamin D status and GDM development.

Main Results:

• Epidemiological studies suggest a correlation between vitamin D deficiency and GDM.
• Vitamin D plays a role in maintaining glucose homeostasis.
• Women with GDM are more frequently vitamin D deficient.

Conclusions:

• Vitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for developing GDM.
• Further intervention trials are necessary to confirm the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in GDM prevention.
• Targeting vitamin D status in pregnant women may offer a strategy to reduce GDM risk.