Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026
An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
Published on: April 4, 2025
Effects of tolterodine and trospium chloride on renal damage induced by partial upper urinary tract obstruction
Abdurrahman Karaman1, Emine Samdancı, Sadegül Sayın
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey. abdurrahman.karaman@inonu.edu.tr
Objective:
To examine the efficacy of trospium chloride and tolterodine on the renal parenchymal inflammatory process and upper urinary dilation in rats with chronic partial upper urinary tract obstruction.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 32 rats were divided into 4 groups: group 1, control; group 2, obstruction; group 3, obstruction plus tolterodine; and group 4, obstruction plus trospium chloride. In all groups, except for group 1, partial upper urinary tract obstruction was induced by embedding the upper quarter of the right ureter into the psoas muscle for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, the rats were killed. The catalase, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl levels were determined in renal tissue. Tubular dilation and parenchymal inflammation were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Smooth muscle actin and cytoglobin were examined with immunohistochemical staining.
Results:
The obstruction group demonstrated severe pelvic dilation and parenchymal inflammation and increased smooth muscle actin staining in the wall of upper urinary tract (P <.05). The treatment of the rats with tolterodine and trospium chloride markedly attenuated the inflammatory alterations and reduced tubular dilation. This treatment also reduced elevated oxidative stress product levels and restored the depleted renal antioxidant enzyme.
Conclusion:
These findings imply that increased renal pelvic pressure can contribute to renal parenchymal injury in chronic pelvic upper urinary tract obstruction. Antimuscarinic medications such as tolterodine and trospium chloride exert renoprotective effects, probably by prevention of pelvic pressure increases.
Insights
Antimuscarinic drugs like tolterodine and trospium chloride protect kidneys from damage caused by chronic partial upper urinary tract obstruction by reducing inflammation and pressure.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Urology
Background:
- Chronic partial upper urinary tract obstruction (PUUJO) can lead to significant renal parenchymal injury.
- Understanding the mechanisms of injury and potential therapeutic interventions is crucial for preserving kidney function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the renoprotective effects of tolterodine and trospium chloride in a rat model of PUUJO.
- To assess the impact of these antimuscarinic agents on renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and upper urinary tract dilation.
Main Methods:
- A rat model of PUUJO was established and treated with either tolterodine or trospium chloride.
- Renal tissue was analyzed for markers of inflammation, oxidative stress (catalase, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl), and smooth muscle actin.
- Histopathological examination assessed tubular dilation and parenchymal inflammation.
Main Results:
- PUUJO induced severe pelvic dilation, parenchymal inflammation, and increased smooth muscle actin.
- Treatment with tolterodine and trospium chloride significantly reduced inflammation and tubular dilation.
- These medications also decreased oxidative stress markers and restored antioxidant enzyme levels.
Conclusions:
- Elevated renal pelvic pressure is a key factor in renal parenchymal injury during PUUJO.
- Antimuscarinic agents, tolterodine and trospium chloride, demonstrate renoprotective properties.
- These drugs likely exert their effects by mitigating increases in pelvic pressure.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:26Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
01:30Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management
01:29Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
01:28Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management
01:20Disorders of the Urinary System
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...