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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Published on: October 28, 2021

Intra-articular synovial sarcoma.

Michael V Friedman¹, Michael Kyriakos, Matthew J Matava

¹Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 South Kingshighway Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. friedmanm@mir.wustl.edu

Skeletal Radiology

|March 5, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of intra-articular synovial sarcoma in the knee presented with chronic pain. This synovial sarcoma mimicked benign tumors on MRI, highlighting the need for careful diagnosis of knee masses.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Published on: October 28, 2021

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Oncology
Diagnostic Imaging
Pathology

Background:

Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue malignancy.
Intra-articular synovial sarcomas are exceptionally uncommon and can be challenging to diagnose.
Chronic knee pain and flexion contracture can be presenting symptoms.

Observation:

A 26-year-old male presented with 12-18 months of posterior right knee pain.
MRI revealed a well-circumscribed, homogeneous mass in the posterior lateral compartment with nonspecific features.
Initial clinical diagnosis was tenosynovial giant cell tumor.

Findings:

Histological examination confirmed the mass as a synovial sarcoma arising from the knee synovium.
The tumor measured less than 5 cm and exhibited nonspecific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics.
The MR appearance mimicked less aggressive intra-articular pathologies.

Implications:

Synovial sarcoma can present with nonspecific MR findings, especially when small and intra-articular.
Primary intra-articular origin may lead to earlier symptom presentation.
Consider synovial sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of intra-articular knee masses with ambiguous imaging features.