Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Measuring Maxillary Posterior Tooth Movement: A Model Assessment using Palatal and Dental Superimposition
Published on: February 23, 2024
PMD correlation properties in the hinge model
1Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. gsoliman@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca
Abstract:
We demonstrate that within the framework of the hinge model, the polarization mode dispersion (PMD) vector correlation function averaged over time and wavelength is only appreciably affected by the position of the last hinge. Further, the correlation function width is found within the context of a standard hinge model to decrease nearly monotonically with the number of hinges. We finally derive, through a theoretical analysis, an upper bound for the mean squared differential group delay of the last fiber section in the link in terms of the correlation function.
Related Concept Videos
Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry
MO Theory and Covalent Bonding
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques
Hückel's Rule Diagram of π MOs: Frost Circle
A Frost circle is constructed by drawing a polygon whose number of edges is equal to the number of carbons of the given cyclic system, with one of the vertices pointing down. Then, a circle is drawn enclosing the polygon so that...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...

