Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
08:33

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment

Published on: November 17, 2018

13.8K

Office-related antibiotic prescribing for Medicaid-enrolled children

Randall J Nett1, David Campana, Cody L Custis

  • 1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA. ggE5@cdc.gov

Clinical Pediatrics
|March 6, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children did not change between 1999 and 2010. This highlights a need for improved antibiotic stewardship to combat resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Prudent antibiotic prescribing is crucial for limiting antibiotic resistance.
  • Antibiotic overuse for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) contributes to resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate trends in antibiotic prescription rates for pediatric ARIs.
  • To assess changes in office visits for ARIs linked to antibiotic prescriptions from 1999 to 2010.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of Montana Medicaid claims data (1999-2010).
  • Included continuously enrolled children aged 14 years or younger.
  • Examined ARI-related office visits and antibiotic prescriptions within 10 days.

Main Results:

  • 13% of 873,244 office visits were for ARIs.
  • 55% of ARI visits (64,250) were linked to antibiotic prescriptions.
  • No significant change in the odds of ARI visits receiving antibiotics observed (OR=1.00).

Conclusions:

  • The rate of antibiotic prescriptions for pediatric ARIs remained stable from 1999 to 2010.
  • Current prescribing practices require further efforts to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use for ARIs.
  • Addressing antibiotic resistance necessitates improved stewardship for common infections.
Abstract

Keywords:
MedicaidMontanaantibacterial agentschildprescriptionsrespiratory tract infections

More Related Videos

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

13.3K
Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA12:18

Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA

Published on: February 9, 2011

23.6K

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
235
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
196
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
236
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
1.1K
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

Overview
59.3K
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents01:18

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents

Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
408