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UV/vis and NIR light-responsive spiropyran self-assembled monolayers.

Oleksii Ivashenko1, Jochem T van Herpt, Ben L Feringa

  • 1Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|March 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates that spiropyran self-assembled monolayers on gold can switch between forms using UV and near-infrared light. This photochromic switching is reversible with visible light or heat, showing stability over multiple cycles.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are crucial for surface modification and molecular electronics.
  • Spiropyran (SP) molecules exhibit photochromism, reversibly switching between ring-closed (SP) and ring-opened (merocyanine, MC) forms.
  • Controlling and characterizing photochromic switching on surfaces is vital for developing advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize spiropyran-based SAMs on gold surfaces.
  • To investigate the photochromic switching behavior of these SAMs induced by UV and near-infrared (NIR) light.
  • To assess the stability and reversibility of the switching process using various spectroscopic techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of spiropyran SAMs on polycrystalline gold.

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  • Characterization using UV/vis absorption, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Investigation of photochromic switching with UV, visible, and continuous wave NIR (785 nm) light, and thermal stimuli.

    • Main Results:

    • SAMs were successfully prepared and initially existed in the ring-closed spiropyran form.
    • UV irradiation induced conversion to the merocyanine form, confirmed by XPS, UV/vis, and SERS.
    • NIR irradiation at 785 nm also induced ring-opening via a two-photon absorption pathway, a key finding.
    • Reversible switching between SP and MC forms was achieved using light and heat, with stable performance over multiple cycles monitored by SERS.

    Conclusions:

    • Spiropyran SAMs on gold exhibit stable, reversible photochromic switching.
    • Both UV and NIR light can induce ring-opening, with NIR switching occurring via a two-photon process.
    • The study highlights the utility of complementary spectroscopic techniques for characterizing photoresponsive surfaces and demonstrates potential for NIR-controlled molecular switches.