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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Hepatitis C virus proteins: from structure to function.

Darius Moradpour1, François Penin

  • 1Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Darius.Moradpour@chuv.ch

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|March 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins, crucial for viral replication and particle assembly, are key antiviral targets. Understanding their structure and function, including membrane anchoring, advances HCV therapeutic strategies.

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Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
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Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
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A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
16:49

Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

Published on: July 16, 2012

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target
11:34

A Competent Hepatocyte Model Examining Hepatitis B Virus Entry through Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide as a Therapeutic Target

Published on: May 10, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major global health concern.
  • Significant advancements have been made in understanding HCV protein structure and function.
  • Most HCV proteins are actively being investigated as antiviral targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the structure and function of HCV proteins.
  • To highlight recent advances in the field of HCV protein research.
  • To provide insights into potential antiviral strategies targeting HCV proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on HCV proteins.
  • Analysis of structural and functional data of HCV proteins.
  • Synthesis of current research findings and their implications.

Main Results:

  • HCV proteins are categorized into structural (core, E1, E2) and nonstructural (p7, NS2, NS3-4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B) components.
  • Nonstructural proteins possess diverse enzymatic activities (protease, helicase, RNA polymerase) and regulatory roles.
  • Each viral protein is anchored to intracellular membranes, essential for its function.

Conclusions:

  • HCV proteins exhibit complex functions and interactions, crucial for the viral life cycle.
  • Targeting these proteins offers promising avenues for developing effective HCV therapies.
  • Continued research into HCV protein structure-function relationships is vital for advancing treatment options.