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TLR4 D299G polymorphism modulates cytokine expression in ulcerative colitis.

Naresh K Meena¹, Ravi Verma, Nirmal Verma

¹*School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University †Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology

|March 9, 2013

Summary

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in North India. These TLR4 gene variations influence cytokine expression in ulcerative colitis (UC).

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Published on: December 16, 2021

Area of Science:

Immunogenetics
Gastroenterology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a cell surface receptor crucial for innate immunity, recognizing lipopolysaccharide and activating immune responses.
Genetic variations, specifically single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR4 gene, have been linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
The influence of these TLR4 gene SNPs on IBD susceptibility can be ethnicity-dependent.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between SNPs in the TLR4 gene and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a North Indian population.
To explore how these TLR4 gene SNPs affect the mRNA expression levels of key cytokines in ulcerative colitis (UC) biopsies.

Main Methods:

Genotyping of two TLR4 polymorphisms (D299G and T399I) using PCR-RFLP in 199 UC patients, 46 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, and 201 healthy controls.
Quantification of inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression (TLR4, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23, IL-10) in UC biopsies via RT-PCR.
Statistical analysis including Pearson χ test, Fisher exact test, Student t test, and ANOVA for genotype and allele frequencies, and cytokine expression.

Main Results:

The TLR4 D299G variant showed significant association with both UC (P=0.009) and CD (P=0.039).
The T399I variant was significantly associated with UC (P=0.006) but not CD.
UC patients exhibited elevated mRNA levels of TLR4, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-10 compared to controls. Notably, specific genotypes of D299G (AG and GG) were linked to decreased expression of several inflammatory cytokines, including TLR4, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23, and IFN-γ.

Conclusions:

TLR4 gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with inflammatory bowel disease in the North Indian population.
These genetic variations play a role in modulating the transcription of inflammatory cytokines during UC.
The observed modulation of cytokine transcription contributes to aberrant immune responses in ulcerative colitis.