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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
08:02

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation

Published on: March 24, 2023

[Atopic dermatitis: pathophysiology update].

Alain Taieb1

  • 1Dermatologie et dermatologie pédiatrique, Centre de référence pour les maladies rares de la peau, CHU de Bordeaux, Inserm U1035, Place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux. alain.taieb@chu-bordeaux.fr

Bulletin De L'Academie Nationale De Medecine
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Atopic dermatitis (AD) research now focuses on skin barrier dysfunction, not just immunity. Understanding filaggrin gene mutations offers new paths for preventing and treating this common inflammatory skin condition.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation
08:02

A Mouse Ear Model for Allergic Contact Dermatitis Evaluation

Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology and immunology, focusing on epithelial barrier diseases.

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects 15-30% of children and 2-10% of adults globally.
  • Traditionally viewed through an immunological lens, AD's complexity involves genetics and environment.
  • The 'atopic march' links AD to asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies.

Discussion:

  • Filaggrin gene mutations have shifted focus to the skin's role in AD.
  • AD is now a model for inflammatory epithelial barrier diseases.
  • The epidermal barrier comprises stratum corneum, tight junctions, and Langerhans cells.

Key Insights:

  • Filaggrin mutations highlight the skin barrier's critical role in AD pathogenesis.
  • AD serves as a key example of epithelial barrier dysfunction.
  • Understanding molecular events in barrier function is crucial.

Outlook:

  • Further research into epidermal barrier mechanisms in AD is essential.
  • Improved knowledge may lead to novel prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Targeting epithelial barrier defects offers therapeutic potential.