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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...

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A disposable blood cyanide sensor.

Yong Tian1, Purnendu K Dasgupta, Sari B Mahon

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0065, USA.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new disposable device enables rapid, sensitive blood cyanide quantitation, crucial for treating smoke inhalation victims. This field-deployable method provides accurate cyanide levels in under four minutes for effective antidote dosing.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Smoke inhalation deaths are often caused by hydrogen cyanide (HCN) poisoning.
  • Accurate blood cyanide levels are essential for judicious antidote dosing and patient resuscitation.
  • Existing methods for blood cyanide quantitation can be slow and require laboratory settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, sensitive, and field-deployable device for blood cyanide quantitation.
  • To utilize the spectral change of hydroxocyanocobinamide (OH(CN)Cbi) upon reaction with cyanide.
  • To enable timely measurement of cyanide exposure for emergency medical response.

Main Methods:

  • A disposable device integrating a porous polypropylene membrane tube filled with OH(CN)Cbi.
  • Incorporation of a light-emitting diode (LED) and photodiode for spectral measurement.
  • HCN evolved from blood samples diffuses into the OH(CN)Cbi solution for rapid absorbance measurement within 160 seconds.

Main Results:

  • The device demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.047 μM for water and 1.0 μM for bovine blood.
  • Relative standard deviations (RSDs) were consistently below 10%, indicating good reproducibility.
  • The linear range extended from 0.5 to 200 μM, with validation against microdiffusion methods.
  • The device successfully measured cyanide levels in rabbit and human blood samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed disposable device offers a rapid (<4 min) and sensitive method for field measurement of blood cyanide.
  • This technology can significantly aid in the emergency management of cyanide poisoning from fire smoke inhalation.
  • The device provides a practical solution for point-of-care or field quantitation of blood cyanide levels.