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Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process01:10

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is eliminated to generate the benzyne...
Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids

Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.

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Updated: May 13, 2026

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
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2,5-Dihexyl-thio-phene 1,1-dioxide.

Johannes Van Tonder1, Mukut Gohain, Nagarajan Loganathan

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|March 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the molecular structure of C16H28O2S, revealing all-trans conformations of n-hexyl groups and their proximity to the thiophene ring. A specific C-H⋯O interaction was identified in the crystal structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Understanding molecular conformation and crystal packing is crucial for predicting material properties.
  • Thiophene derivatives are widely used in materials science and medicinal chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure and molecular conformation of the title molecule, C16H28O2S.
  • To identify intermolecular interactions within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and non-bonded contacts was performed.

Main Results:

  • The molecule C16H28O2S exhibits all-trans conformations for its two n-hexyl chains.
  • Carbon atoms of the n-hexyl groups are positioned near the thiophene ring plane, with a maximum deviation of 0.718(6) Å.
  • A short C-H⋯O hydrogen bond was observed between the thiophene 1,1-dioxide moieties in the crystal.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure provides detailed insights into the conformational preferences and packing arrangements of this thiophene derivative.
  • The identified C-H⋯O contact may influence the bulk properties and reactivity of the molecule.