Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Contractility Measurements on Isolated Papillary Muscles for the Investigation of Cardiac Inotropy in Mice
Published on: September 17, 2015
Myocardial inotropic response to progressive exercise in healthy subjects: a review
Thomas Rowland1, Viswanath Unnithan
1Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA 01199, USA. Thomas.rowland@bhs.org
Abstract:
Assessment of myocardial contractile function during exercise is important in gaining an understanding of the normal mechanics of the cardiovascular responses to exercise stress. Such insights are important in identifying determinants of cardiovascular fitness in athletes as well as assessing patients with heart disease. While obtaining such measurements in the past has been challenging, recent echocardiographic developments offer promise of providing new insights into the nature and magnitude of inotropic changes during exercise. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of these technologies in light of the current understanding of the role of myocardial contractile function in response to a bout of progressive dynamic exercise.
More Related Videos
07:40Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
Published on: October 10, 2019
09:50Application of Chronic Stimulation to Study Contractile Activity-induced Rat Skeletal Muscle Phenotypic Adaptations
Published on: January 25, 2018
Related Concept Videos
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Exercise and Cardiac Output
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance
Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate...
Exercise and Muscle Performance
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...