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Burn Injuries01:22

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
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Cellular injury is any process that disrupts a cell’s ability to maintain homeostasis, leading to structural or functional changes. It is broadly classified based on etiology (cause) and mechanism of damage.Classification by EtiologyCellular injury may result from several causes. Hypoxic injury happens due to reduced oxygen delivery, most commonly from inadequate blood supply, such as arterial obstruction; for example, coronary artery thrombosis can cause myocardial infarction. Chemical injury...
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Cellular injury occurs when a cell cannot maintain homeostasis or adapt to stressors such as hypoxia, toxins, or trauma. Depending on severity and duration, injury may be reversible, allowing recovery, or irreversible, leading to cell death.General Mechanisms of Cell InjuryAlthough causes vary, most cellular injuries arise from a few key mechanisms that disrupt essential functions and often amplify one another. Cell survival depends on the extent and balance of these disturbances.ATP depletion...
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A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
10:31

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Published on: September 25, 2014

Lightning injuries in sports and recreation.

Eric M Thomson1, Thomas M Howard

  • 1Virginia Commonwealth University/Fairfax Family Practice Sports Medicine Fellowship, Fairfax, VA 22033, USA.

Current Sports Medicine Reports
|March 13, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Lightning strikes pose a significant risk to outdoor enthusiasts, with many recent deaths linked to recreational activities. Public education is crucial to reduce lightning-related injuries beyond organized sports.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health
  • Safety Science

Background:

  • Lightning is a powerful natural phenomenon, historically revered and feared.
  • While statistically rare, the risk of lightning strikes increases significantly for individuals engaged in frequent outdoor activities.
  • Recent data indicates a notable number of lightning-related fatalities in the United States, predominantly associated with outdoor recreation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the persistent risks of lightning-related injuries, particularly among the general population participating in recreational outdoor activities.
  • To underscore the need for enhanced public awareness and education regarding lightning safety.
  • To identify gaps in current safety guidelines that primarily focus on organized sports.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent publications, including case studies and review articles on lightning-related injuries.
  • Analysis of reported lightning-related deaths and their association with outdoor activities.
  • Examination of existing lightning safety guidelines from organizations like the National Athletic Trainers' Association and the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

Main Results:

  • A majority of recent lightning-related deaths in the U.S. are linked to outdoor recreational pursuits.
  • Established guidelines effectively address lightning safety in organized sports.
  • A significant challenge remains in educating the broader public involved in non-organized recreational outdoor activities.

Conclusions:

  • Despite established safety protocols for organized sports, a critical need exists for comprehensive public education on lightning safety for recreational participants.
  • Reducing lightning-related injuries requires a broader educational approach extending beyond organized athletic settings.
  • Further efforts are necessary to mitigate risks for the general population engaging in outdoor recreation.