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Related Concept Videos

Production of Antibiotics01:27

Production of Antibiotics

Penicillin, one of the earliest and most widely used antibiotics, is produced industrially by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Large stirred-tank bioreactors ranging from tens to hundreds of thousands of liters maintain tightly controlled temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen conditions to support fungal metabolism and maximize antibiotic yield. Penicillin is a secondary metabolite, synthesized primarily during the stationary growth phase, which requires a carefully managed...
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Antibiotic Selection

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Biological Methods for Microbial Control01:28

Biological Methods for Microbial Control

Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

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Circumventing resistance to anti-infective agents.

Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy·2015
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13th International Conference on the Chemistry of Antibiotics and Other Bioactive Compounds (ICCA-13).

The Journal of antibiotics·2013
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Prologue to the special issue on synthesis.

The Journal of antibiotics·2013
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12th International Conference on the Chemistry of Antibiotics and other Bioactive Compounds (ICCA-12).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

Developing new antibacterials through natural product research.

Herbert A Kirst1

  • 17840 West 88th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46278, USA. herbertkirst1@comcast.net

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery
|March 14, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Natural products are key to discovering new antibiotics as microbial resistance rises. Innovative research explores novel antibacterials and alternative methods to combat resistant bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • The pipeline for new antibiotics is limited, focusing on older agents and semi-synthetic derivatives.
  • Pharmaceutical companies have reduced investment in natural product antibiotic discovery, despite critical levels of microbial resistance.
  • Urgent medical needs necessitate novel approaches to antibiotic research.

Observation:

  • The successful registration of daptomycin, retapamulin, and fidaxomicin signals a resurgence in natural product-derived antibiotics.
  • Research is progressing on semi-synthetic derivatives from under-explored natural product classes.
  • Innovative strategies are being employed, including total synthesis and pathway engineering.

Findings:

  • New structural scaffolds and biosynthetic pathway alterations are key areas of focus.

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From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028
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From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028

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Metabolic Profiling to Determine Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic Effects of New Natural Products using Isothermal Microcalorimetry
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Metabolic Profiling to Determine Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic Effects of New Natural Products using Isothermal Microcalorimetry

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Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028
09:08

From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028

Published on: January 13, 2017

Metabolic Profiling to Determine Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic Effects of New Natural Products using Isothermal Microcalorimetry
07:28

Metabolic Profiling to Determine Bactericidal or Bacteriostatic Effects of New Natural Products using Isothermal Microcalorimetry

Published on: October 29, 2020

  • Combinatorial biosynthesis and novel screening targets offer opportunities for discovering new antibacterials.
  • Exploring uncultured microbes and overcoming dereplication challenges are crucial for future success.

    • Implications:

    • A return to actinomycetes screening requires solving dereplication obstacles.
    • Harnessing uncultured microbes is essential for long-term antibiotic solutions.
    • Non-lethal bacterial control methods may offer a sustainable alternative to combat resistance.