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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

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Published on: December 6, 2021

Large spin-orbit coupling in carbon nanotubes.

G A Steele¹, F Pei, E A Laird

¹Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, Delft 2600GA, The Netherlands. g.a.steele@tudelft.nl

Nature Communications

|March 14, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered significantly enhanced spin-orbit coupling in carbon nanotubes, opening doors for novel electronic devices. This finding could revolutionize spintronics applications with stronger spin effects.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Spin-orbit interaction in solids enables novel phenomena like topological order.
Atomic spin-orbit coupling in carbon is weak, but curvature in carbon nanotubes enhances it.
Previous measurements of spin-orbit coupling in carbon nanotubes were generally consistent with theoretical predictions.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally investigate and quantify the spin-orbit coupling strength in carbon nanotube devices.
To explore the potential implications of enhanced spin-orbit coupling for future applications.

Main Methods:

Fabrication and characterization of three distinct carbon nanotube devices.
Measurement of spin splitting under zero magnetic field conditions.

Main Results:

Observed spin-orbit coupling an order of magnitude larger than previously reported.
Measured zero-field spin splitting up to 3.4 meV.
Inferred an effective magnetic field of 29 T along the nanotube axis.

Conclusions:

The study reports a significantly larger spin-orbit coupling in carbon nanotubes than previously measured.
The origin of this enhanced coupling remains unexplained by current theories.
The substantial spin-orbit coupling strength holds promise for advanced carbon nanotube-based spintronic devices.