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Antineoplastic agents, 162. Zephyranthes candida.

G R Pettit¹, G M Cragg, S B Singh

¹Cancer Research Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1604.

Journal of Natural Products

|January 1, 1990

Summary

Zephyranthes candida, a Chinese medicinal plant, contains a potent cytostatic compound. This agent, trans-dihydronarciclasine, shows significant activity against lymphocytic leukemia in bioassays.

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Area of Science:

Pharmacognosy
Natural Product Chemistry
Cancer Research

Background:

Traditional Chinese medicine utilizes various plant species for therapeutic purposes.
Zephyranthes candida is a known medicinal plant with a history of use.
The search for novel anticancer agents from natural sources is ongoing.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and isolate cytostatic constituents from Zephyranthes candida.
To evaluate the anticancer potential of compounds derived from this plant.
To characterize the principal cytostatic agent responsible for observed activity.

Main Methods:

Extraction of Zephyranthes candida using n-butanol (n-BuOH).
Bioassay-guided fractionation using P-388 lymphocytic leukemia model.
Isolation and structural elucidation of the active compound.

Main Results:

A significant cytostatic constituent was isolated from the n-BuOH extract.
The principal cytostatic agent was identified as trans-dihydronarciclasine.
Trans-dihydronarciclasine exhibited potent activity with an ED50 of 3.2 x 10(-3) µg/ml against P-388 leukemia.

Conclusions:

Trans-dihydronarciclasine is the primary cytostatic compound in Zephyranthes candida.
This compound demonstrates promising preclinical activity against lymphocytic leukemia.
Zephyranthes candida represents a potential source for novel anticancer drug discovery.