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Nitrosothiol Signaling in Anoikis Resistance and Cancer Metastasis
Sudjit Luanpitpong1, Anand Krishnan V Iyer, Neelam Azad
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia.
Abstract:
Nitric oxide (NO) has been widely recognized as an important cell-signaling molecule that regulates various physiological and pathological processes. S-nitrosylation, or covalent attachment of NO to protein sulfhydryl groups, is a key mechanism by which NO regulates protein functions and cellular processes. In this article we discuss the various roles of NO and protein nitrosylation in cancer development, with a focus on cell invasion and anoikis resistance, both of which are key determinants of cancer metastasis. We specially address some of the mechanisms by which NO-mediated S-nitrosylation modulates substrates that have putative effects on key steps of metastasis. We propose that nitrosothiol signaling is a key regulatory mechanism common to several pathways involved in cancer progression and metastasis, and identifying such a mechanism will improve our understanding of the disease process and aid in the development of novel anticancer therapeutics.
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