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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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Trustworthiness and Negative Affect Predict Economic Decision-Making.

Christopher M Nguyen1, Michael Koenigs, Torricia H Yamada

  • 1Department of Neurology, Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Iowa College of Medicine ; Counseling Psychology Program, Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, University of Iowa College of Education.

Journal of Cognitive Psychology (Hove, England)
|March 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Economic decisions in the Ultimatum Game (UG) are linked to personality, not cognition. Participants showing "rational" UG behavior trusted more, while "irrational" players experienced greater negative emotions.

Keywords:
Ultimatum Gamedecision makingnegative affecttrustworthiness

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The Ultimatum Game (UG) is a key model for studying economic decision-making.
  • Understanding individual differences in UG responses is crucial for economic and psychological research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate demographic, cognitive, and personality factors differentiating rational versus irrational responders in the UG.
  • To determine the influence of personality and affect on economic decision-making patterns.

Main Methods:

  • 129 healthy adults participated in the study.
  • Participants' responses in the UG were categorized as 'rational' (accepting all offers) or 'irrational' (rejecting unfair offers).
  • Demographic, cognitive, and personality variables (including Big Five, positive and negative affect) were assessed and compared between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Personality variables, specifically trust and negative affect, significantly differentiated UG response patterns.
  • Participants with rational UG performance exhibited higher trust levels.
  • Participants with irrational UG performance reported higher levels of negative affect (anger, contempt).
  • No significant differences were found in demographic or cognitive factors between the groups.

Conclusions:

  • Personality traits and affective states are critical determinants of individual differences in economic decision-making within the UG.
  • Cognitive abilities and demographic factors do not appear to influence rational versus irrational decision-making in this context.
  • Future research should focus on the interplay between personality, affect, and economic choices.