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Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA)
13:10

Direct Re-implantation of Left Coronary Artery into the Aorta in Adults with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery (ALCAPA)

Published on: April 24, 2017

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection.

Jacqueline Saw1

  • 1University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. jsaw@mail.ubc.ca

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology
|March 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), often affecting young women, is linked to fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). Understanding this association is key for diagnosing and managing SCAD, improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an underdiagnosed condition, predominantly affecting young women without typical cardiovascular risk factors.
  • SCAD is increasingly diagnosed in non-peripartum women, suggesting factors beyond pregnancy contribute to its occurrence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of SCAD.
  • To highlight the association between SCAD and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) and its implications for understanding SCAD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on SCAD.
  • Analysis of the association between SCAD and FMD in affected patients.

Main Results:

  • An association was found between SCAD and FMD, with many SCAD patients exhibiting FMD in other vascular beds.
  • This suggests underlying coronary FMD may predispose individuals to spontaneous coronary dissection.

Conclusions:

  • Medical management of SCAD involves antiplatelet therapy and beta-blockade; revascularization decisions are based on clinical status and anatomy.
  • Long-term outcomes are generally favorable, but recurrent dissection and cardiovascular events necessitate close monitoring by specialists.