Biocompatible nanostructured magnesium oxide-chitosan platform for genosensing application.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Biosensor Technology
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic tools for foodborne pathogens like Vibrio cholerae is crucial.
• Nanostructured materials offer unique properties for biosensor applications.
• Chitosan is a biocompatible polymer with potential for surface functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel organic-inorganic hybrid biosensor for Vibrio cholerae DNA detection.
• To investigate the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of the fabricated biosensor.
• To evaluate the performance characteristics of the developed genosensor, including sensitivity, detection limit, and stability.

Main Methods:

• Electrophoretic deposition of chitosan (CH) modified nanostructured magnesium oxide (nanoMgO) onto an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) substrate.
• Covalent functionalization of Vibrio cholerae single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe onto the CH-nanoMgO/ITO surface.
• Cytotoxicity assay using human intestinal cell line (INT 407) to assess nanoMgO safety.
• Structural and morphological analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and microscopy.
• Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) for DNA hybridization detection.

Main Results:

• The fabricated CH-nanoMgO/ITO electrode demonstrated successful immobilization of ssDNA probe.
• NanoMgO particles showed no significant cytotoxicity to INT 407 cells within the tested dose range.
• The DNA hybridization event was successfully detected electrochemically.
• The developed genosensor exhibited a linear response from 100-500 ng/μL with high sensitivity (36.72 nA/ng/cm(2)), fast response time (3s), and long-term stability (3-4 months).
• The lower detection limit was found to be 35.20 ng/μL, with good reproducibility and repeatability.

Conclusions:

• A novel and effective genosensor based on CH-nanoMgO/ITO platform was successfully fabricated for Vibrio cholerae DNA detection.
• The developed biosensor offers excellent electrochemical performance, including high sensitivity, rapid response, and good stability.
• The biocompatibility of nanoMgO suggests its potential for use in biosensing applications with minimal cellular toxicity.
• This platform holds promise for the development of rapid and reliable diagnostic tools for Vibrio cholerae detection.