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Updated: May 13, 2026

Intravenous Injections in Neonatal Mice
Published on: November 11, 2014
Gentamicin pharmacokinetics in neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia
Liana F Mark1, Addishiwot Solomon, Frances J Northington
1Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacotherapy, NYU Langone Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, GBH-SC2-097, New York, NY 10016, USA. liana.mark@nyumc.org
Objective:
To identify whether therapeutic hypothermia in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy affects gentamicin pharmacokinetics.
Study Design:
Retrospective case-control study consisting of 16 neonates who underwent therapeutic hypothermia and received gentamicin with interpretable peak and trough serum levels obtained during the period of cooling and at steady state; comparator group consisting of 7 neonates met the criteria but did not undergo therapeutic hypothermia.
Results:
Significant differences in gentamicin pharmacokinetics were noted between the therapeutic hypothermia group and the comparator group in elimination rate constant (0.08/h versus 0.11/h; P < 0.01), elimination half-life (9.16 hours versus 6.56 hours; P < 0.01), and clearance (0.04 L/kg.h(-1) versus 0.05 L/kg.h(-1); P < 0.01), respectively. Higher gentamicin trough serum concentrations were seen with the therapeutic hypothermia group (1.68 mcg/mL versus 0.77 mcg/mL; P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
Therapeutic hypothermia is associated with alterations in gentamicin pharmacokinetics, reducing gentamicin clearance by 25.5% in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, which may result in increased trough serum concentrations.
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