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Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...

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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope

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Spin state switching in iron coordination compounds.

Philipp Gütlich1, Ana B Gaspar, Yann Garcia

  • 1Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Staudingerweg 9, 55099 Mainz, Germany.

Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry
|March 19, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Iron(II) spin crossover compounds exhibit switching between high and low spin states, triggered by temperature, pressure, or light. These properties offer potential for advanced sensors and optical devices.

Keywords:
cagesiron(II) coordination compoundsphysical techniquespolyfunctional materialsspin crossover

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Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Spin crossover (SCO) is a phenomenon in coordination compounds where iron(II) complexes switch between distinct spin states.
  • This transition is influenced by external stimuli like temperature, pressure, and light, altering magnetic and optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of iron(II) spin crossover compounds.
  • To explain the principles, conditions, and influencing factors of spin crossover.
  • To highlight potential applications in sensors and optical devices.

Main Methods:

  • Ligand field theory to explain spin state switching principles.
  • Characterization techniques to analyze molecular and physical consequences of SCO.
  • Review of studies on SCO compounds under various stimuli (temperature, pressure, light).

Main Results:

  • Iron(II) compounds exhibit thermally, pressure-, or light-induced spin transitions (spin crossover).
  • SCO materials possess distinct magnetic and optical properties exploitable for detection.
  • Diverse SCO systems exist, including complexes, polymers, and nanomaterials.

Conclusions:

  • Spin crossover compounds are attractive for developing novel sensors and optical devices.
  • Chemical and physical factors significantly influence SCO behavior.
  • The field continues to expand with new materials and potential applications.