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Related Concept Videos

Attachment01:20

Attachment

Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that physical...
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The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
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Parental Care

Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
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Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...

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A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect
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Pacifier restriction and exclusive breastfeeding.

Laura R Kair1, Daniel Kenron, Konnette Etheredge

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. kair@ohsu.edu

Pediatrics
|March 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Removing pacifiers from routine distribution in mother-baby units (MBUs) was linked to lower exclusive breastfeeding rates. This intervention, without restricting formula access, negatively impacted breastfeeding exclusivity during hospitalization.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Lactation science
  • Public health interventions

Background:

  • Pacifier use is common in newborns.
  • The impact of pacifier distribution on breastfeeding outcomes is debated.
  • Evidence-based guidelines for pacifier use in the immediate postpartum period are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between restricting routine pacifier distribution in a mother-baby unit and breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity.
  • To determine if changes in breastfeeding patterns occurred after implementing a pacifier restriction policy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study comparing breastfeeding rates.
  • Involved 2249 infants admitted to a mother-baby unit.
  • Data collected before and after restriction of routine pacifier distribution.

Main Results:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding decreased from 79% to 68% after pacifier restriction (P < .001).
  • Supplemental formula feeding increased from 18% to 28% (P < .001).
  • Exclusive formula feeding increased from 1.8% to 3.4% (P < .05).

Conclusions:

  • Restricting pacifier distribution without limiting formula access was associated with decreased exclusive breastfeeding.
  • Further high-quality research is needed to clarify the relationship between pacifier use and breastfeeding in the immediate newborn period.
  • The study highlights the complexity of interventions aimed at promoting breastfeeding exclusivity.