Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 13, 2026

Calibration of Vector Network Analyzer for Measurements in Radio Frequency Propagation Channels
Published on: June 2, 2020
Extending the range of FRET--the Monte Carlo study of the antenna effect
Katarzyna Walczewska-Szewc1, Piotr Bojarski, Sabato d'Auria
1University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-952, Gdańsk, Poland, fizkws@ug.edu.pl.
Abstract:
The problem of extending the utilizable range of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is of great current interest, due to the demand of conformation studies of larger biological structures at distances exceeding typical limiting distance of 100 Å. One of the ways to address this issue is the use of so-called antenna effect. In the present work, the influence of the antenna effect on the FRET efficiency is investigated by the Monte Carlo analysis. The previously published results Bojarski et al. (J Phys Chem B 115:10120-10125, 2011) indicate that using a simple model of donor linked with a protein labeled with multiple acceptors, significantly increases the transfer efficiency in comparison with donor-single acceptor system. The effect is stronger if the transition moments of acceptors are mutually parallel. In this work, to extend the scope of possible biological systems to be analyzed, different distributions of donor-acceptors distance are analyzed, as well as the size and shape of the attached molecule.
Related Concept Videos
Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
Design Example
The Antenna Complex
Frequency Response of BJT
Low-Frequency Response: At low frequencies, the behavior of the BJT is determined by its DC bias point, which is set by the...
Electromagnetic Fields
However, the observation of Gauss's...
Interference: Path Lengths
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...

