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Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Published on: February 6, 2021
Polymicrobial endophthalmitis: prevalence, causative organisms, and visual outcomes
Animesh Jindal1, Mayur R Moreker, Avinash Pathengay
1LV Prasad Eye Institute, GMRV Campus, Visakhapatnam, India. avinash@lvpei.org.
Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection
|March 22, 2013
Summary
Polymicrobial endophthalmitis, though uncommon, often leads to poor vision, particularly with open-globe injuries. Fungal or Gram-negative coinfections significantly worsen visual outcomes in these cases.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Endophthalmitis is a serious intraocular infection.
- Polymicrobial endophthalmitis involves multiple causative organisms.
- Understanding its prevalence and outcomes is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of polymicrobial endophthalmitis.
- To identify the causative organisms involved.
- To evaluate the visual acuity outcomes in affected patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of consecutive cases.
- Culture-proven polymicrobial endophthalmitis diagnosed between 2000 and 2010.
- Evaluation of patient demographics, etiology, microbial isolates, and visual acuity.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of polymicrobial endophthalmitis was 3.88% (43/1,107 patients).
- Gram-positive cocci were most common (60.9%), with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae frequently isolated.
- Posttraumatic endophthalmitis (72.1%) was more common than postoperative (20.9%).
- Visual acuity < 20/200 was more frequent in posttraumatic cases (87.1%) versus postoperative (44.4%).
- Only 20.9% of patients achieved final visual acuity ≥ 20/200.
- Coinfection with Gram-negative bacteria or fungi was associated with poorer visual outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Polymicrobial endophthalmitis is relatively uncommon but associated with poor visual prognosis.
- Open-globe injuries and coinfection with Gram-negative bacteria or fungi are linked to the most unfavorable visual outcomes.
- Prompt diagnosis and targeted treatment are essential for improving outcomes in polymicrobial endophthalmitis.
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