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Abdominal aortic aneurysms in women
Jean E Starr1, Vivienne Halpern
1Division of Vascular Diseases and Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. jean.starr@osumc.edu
Journal of Vascular Surgery
|March 26, 2013
Summary
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) affects men more than women, with notable sex differences in rupture risk and repair outcomes. This review explores these disparities and their potential causes.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Surgery
- Cardiovascular Research
- Sex Differences in Medicine
Background:
- Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) exhibit a significantly higher incidence in men compared to women.
- While incidence rises with age in women, it typically begins later than in men.
- Existing research indicates sex-based variations in AAA rupture risk and post-repair outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current recommendations regarding sex differences in abdominal aortic aneurysms.
- To synthesize recent literature identifying key disparities between sexes in AAA.
- To explore potential explanations for observed sex-based differences in AAA incidence, risk, and outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current guidelines and recent scientific publications.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on AAA incidence and prevalence by sex.
- Examination of studies reporting on sex-specific rupture rates and outcomes after AAA repair.
Main Results:
- Men demonstrate a 4-6 times higher incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms compared to women.
- Significant differences exist in rupture risk and outcomes following both endovascular and open AAA repair between sexes.
- Historical underrepresentation of women in clinical trials may limit comprehensive understanding of these sex differences.
Conclusions:
- Sex is a critical factor influencing abdominal aortic aneurysm epidemiology and clinical management.
- Further research and inclusive clinical trial designs are necessary to fully elucidate and address sex-based disparities in AAAs.
- Understanding these differences is vital for optimizing prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for all patients.
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