Imaging mass spectrometry in neuroscience.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biomedical Research

Background:

• Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is an emerging technique for chemical analysis in biological tissues.
• Its application in neuroscience is rapidly developing, offering new insights into neurochemical composition.
• Understanding the strengths and limitations of different IMS approaches is crucial for its adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of IMS techniques relevant to neuroscience.
• To highlight the capabilities and constraints of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for neurochemical analysis.
• To guide neuroscientists and biomedical researchers in utilizing chemical imaging for comprehensive studies.

Main Methods:

• Review of established and emerging imaging mass spectrometry techniques.
• Focus on matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS).
• Discussion of in situ and in vitro analytical capabilities for neurochemical species.

Main Results:

• IMS techniques, including MALDI and SIMS, demonstrate significant potential for detailed chemical mapping of the brain.
• Each technique possesses unique strengths and limitations influencing the type and resolution of detectable neurochemicals.
• The review synthesizes current knowledge on IMS applicability in both fundamental and applied neuroscience.

Conclusions:

• Imaging mass spectrometry is a valuable tool for advancing neurochemical research.
• Further exploration and adoption of IMS techniques will enhance our understanding of neurobiological systems.
• This review serves as a foundational guide for researchers entering the field of neurochemical imaging.