Wavelength optimization in femtosecond laser corneal surgery

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Biomedical Optics
• Laser Surgery

Background:

• Femtosecond lasers are utilized in corneal surgery for precise tissue ablation.
• Current femtosecond laser corneal surgery typically uses a 1030 nm wavelength.
• Optimizing laser parameters is crucial for improving surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of different wavelengths on femtosecond laser corneal incision depth and quality.
• To identify optimal wavelengths for enhanced corneal surgery procedures.
• To evaluate the potential of near-infrared and shortwave-infrared lasers in ophthalmic applications.

Main Methods:

• Penetrating and lamellar corneal incisions were created on eye bank corneas.
• Multiple ultrashort pulse laser sources with varying wavelengths (near-infrared and shortwave-infrared) were employed.
• Corneal tissues were analyzed using light, transmission, and scanning electron microscopy.

Main Results:

• Wavelengths around 1650 nm demonstrated superior penetration depths (2-3 times greater) compared to 1030 nm.
• Incision quality was maintained or improved at longer wavelengths.
• Microscopic analysis confirmed enhanced penetration and good incision integrity.

Conclusions:

• A shift to 1650 nm wavelength in femtosecond laser corneal surgery reduces light scattering.
• This wavelength preserves laser beam quality within the tissue, beneficial for deep incisions.
• Utilizing 1650 nm allows for deeper penetration, lower energy requirements, and minimized thermal side effects.