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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials
09:40

Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials

Published on: November 15, 2014

Action co-representation and social exclusion.

Marcello Costantini1, Francesca Ferri

  • 1Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini 33, 66013, Chieti, Italy. marcello.costantini@unich.it

Experimental Brain Research
|April 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Social status impacts how we represent actions with others. Feeling excluded hinders this shared representation, potentially by shifting attention away from social interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Neuroscience
  • Human Social Cognition

Background:

  • Shared representations are crucial for social cognition, but their social modulation is debated.
  • Understanding how social attitudes, like social status, influence these representations is key.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if social attitudes, specifically social inclusion or exclusion, modulate action co-representation.
  • To determine if judgments about social status affect the ability to form shared representations of actions.

Main Methods:

  • Participants completed an Interactive Simon task.
  • Social inclusion/exclusion was induced using a virtual ball-tossing game (Cyberball).
  • Behavioral compatibility effects were measured.

Main Results:

  • A significant compatibility effect, indicating action co-representation, was observed in included participants.
  • Excluded participants did not show a significant compatibility effect.
  • Social status judgments (inclusion/exclusion) modulated action co-representation.

Conclusions:

  • Social exclusion, driven by social status judgments, impairs action co-representation.
  • This impairment may result from a shift in attentional focus away from others during ostracism.
  • Findings have implications for social integration in contemporary society.