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Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
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Wavelength independent multimode interference coupler.

A Maese-Novo1, R Halir, S Romero-García

  • 1Departamento de Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain. amaesen@ic.uma.es

Optics Express
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed an ultra-broadband multimode interference (MMI) coupler using subwavelength gratings. This novel design significantly enhances bandwidth for optical communication, overcoming wavelength dependency limitations.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Integrated Optics
  • Optical Communication Devices

Background:

  • Multimode interference (MMI) couplers are fundamental components in integrated optics.
  • Conventional MMI couplers suffer from wavelength dependence, limiting their operational bandwidth.
  • Existing devices typically cover limited optical communication bands (e.g., O, E, S, C, L, U).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and design an ultra-broadband MMI coupler.
  • To overcome the inherent wavelength dependence of MMI devices.
  • To achieve a significantly enhanced operational bandwidth beyond standard communication bands.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering the dispersion property of the MMI section using subwavelength grating structures.
  • Utilizing a 2D Fourier Eigenmode Expansion Method (F-EEM) for device design.
  • Verification of the design using a 3D Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a 2x2 MMI coupler with a 450nm bandwidth, a fivefold enhancement over conventional designs.
  • Achieved performance metrics including insertion loss < 1dB, power imbalance < 0.6dB, and MMI phase deviation < 3°.
  • The subwavelength grating structure effectively mitigates wavelength dependence.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed subwavelength grating engineered MMI coupler offers unprecedented ultra-broadband operation.
  • This technology significantly advances the capabilities of optical communication components.
  • The design provides a viable solution for next-generation high-bandwidth optical systems.