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Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
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Lupus anticoagulant testing.

Karen Moffat1, Anne Raby, Mark Crowther

  • 1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antiphospholipid antibodies, including lupus anticoagulants, are linked to thrombosis and pregnancy loss. Laboratory tests identify these autoantibodies, crucial for assessing patient risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical immunology
  • Hematology
  • Autoimmunity

Background:

  • Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are autoantibodies targeting glycoproteins bound to anionic phospholipids.
  • Clinical evaluation typically involves anticardiolipin antibody, anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I, and lupus anticoagulant assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the diagnostic approaches and clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies, particularly lupus anticoagulants.
  • To highlight the importance of identifying both weak and strong lupus anticoagulants due to their association with thrombotic risk.

Main Methods:

  • Assays for antiphospholipid antibodies focus on detecting autoantibodies against phospholipid-protein complexes.
  • Lupus anticoagulant assays prolong recalcification times, which are normalized by adding exogenous phospholipids.

Main Results:

  • Lupus anticoagulants are characterized by prolonged clotting times in phospholipid-poor conditions.
  • While antibody specificity is often unclear, some lupus anticoagulants bind proteins like prothrombin or beta 2 glycoprotein I.
  • A definite link exists between antiphospholipid antibodies and increased risk of thrombosis, pregnancy loss, and autoimmune thrombocytopenia.

Conclusions:

  • Identification of antiphospholipid antibodies, including lupus anticoagulants, is clinically significant for risk assessment.
  • The strength of lupus anticoagulants does not correlate with thrombotic risk, necessitating detection of all types.